Problems of Agriculture In Nigeria and Solution

Land Tenure System - Efficient use of land: Land should be allocated for farming, forestry and wildlife.
Government can also help to create land tenure arrangements that will lead to more efficient use of agricultural land. Farmers can be encourage to combine and form large farms. This will encourage and make possible the use of mechanized farming techniques.
Inadequate Social Amenities - An integrated approach to rural development: Currently, no loss than five ministries or institutions work on rural development in Nigeria. The ministry of agriculture and the various research institutes work on livestock, crops and forestry development project. The ministry of works and housing deals with housing and roads. The directorate for foods, roads and rural infrastructure is specifically responsible for rural development. Adequate rural development will bring an end to urban migration because basic amenities will be attracted to service the farms. More jobs will be available in the rural areas and the inhabitants will be happy.

Inadequate Finance - Finance (Capital or Money): Government can assist by setting up special local banks whose job is to extend credit to the rural farmers and will be announce on radio for adequate circulation of information. The Federal Government established the Agricultural Co-operative and Credit Bank to serve this purpose. If it is appropriately managed, this band would be an asset to the farmers. Organization of farmers (e.g. Leventis foundation agric. School, I.A.R&T, IITA, NIFOR etc) can encourage co-operative farming, which will facilitate the granting of loans and subsidies to them. Effective tax relief should be granted to farmers to encourage accumulation of capital for further investments in meaningful agricultural ventures. Inadequate Storage and Processing Facilities - Storage and Processing facilities: Our priority should be to preserve and store what has grown and harvested to last till the next harvest season. We should commission research into food preservation and storage that will suit our type of food and environment. Silos is contructed for large harvest of maize e.g in Enugu by 1986 at RAP. Provisions of storage and processing facilities to co-operative centres should be pursued under the subsidy scheme.

Poor Pricing and Marketing Incentives - Marketing and Pricing System: Before the creation of state in Nigeria, marketing boards were used in the three regions to organize the marketing of our cash crops. After the creation of states, commodity boards were formed to deal with specific crops that are produced in various states. These commodity boards assists to market the crop by reducing the overhead and operating costs so that the farmer can get higher prices for their commodities. This encourages the farmers to grow more of particular crop or produce more of the livestock. Commodity board should develop effective information sections to give intensive publicity to producer prices and other services rendered by them to the farmers, this will prevent the local buying agents and middlemen from cheating the farmers.
Inadequate Farm Implement - Tools and Machinery: In Nigeria the use of the larger machinery and tractors should be encouraged through co-operative farming definite steps should be taken to fabricate simple farm implement. The implements is for different operations such as soil preparation, seed planter, incubators for seedlings, organic manuring, ploughing, harvesters and machine for processing of the harvested crops, it will reduce drug use (self medications) and the problem of the use of cutlass and hoes.
Inadequate Agricultural Extension Agent - Agric. Extension: Government should promote literacy through adult education for illiterate farmers so as to facilitate the process of communication information on modern farming techniques farm subsidies and incentives by the government. They should also be informed as to where and when they should get the subsidies.
Inadequate Farm Inputs - Farm Input: Over 60% of seeds planted by farmers are unimproved.
The National Seed Service takes all necessary steps to discharge its duties of distribution of improved seeds to farmers. More emphasis should be placed on the development of high yielding varieties of crops suitable for each ecological zone and system of cultivation. In order to avoid large drain of foreign exchange resulting as importation of fertilizers, fruits and foods.
We must have manufacturers in Nigeria.
Reference: google search engine and federal college of agriculture, Ibadan, liberary.
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